ABSTRACT
Objective To survey the psychological reaction status and influencing factors of the nurses in a class 3A hospital of Chengdu under the normalized prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic to provide a theoretical basis for the related department of the hospital formulating the interventional strategy. Methods The cluster sampling methods was used to select 1 079 nurses in a class 3A Women and Children Specialized Hospital of Chengdu City as the study subjects under trending to normalized prevention and control after the outbreak of the novel coronavirus infection from May to June 2021.The self-made general data qestionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder（GAD-7) scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used to conduct the questionnaire survey, and the SPSS25.0 statistical soft was used for conducting the data analysis. Results Among 1 079 nurses, 304 nurses（28.2%） had the GAD-7 score ≥5 points, which was correlated with the education background, working years, professional and technical posts, working post during the epidemic, awareness of the impact of COVID-19 on work and social and family support, and the differences were statistically significant（P＜0.05）.In the work burnout scale, the subjects with meddle and high levels in the emotion burnout sense, work apathy sense and work non-achievement sense accounted for 40.7%（439/1 079）,33.3%（359/1 079） and 65.7%（709/1 079） respectively. Different professional and technical positions, work position and social and family support during the epidemic had the influence on the level of emotional burnout, different professional and technical posts, work positions during epidemic had the influence on the work apathy sense, different the educational backgrounds and profesional and technical posts and work posts during epidemic had the influence on the work non-achievement sense, and the differences were statistically significant（P＜0.05）.The nurses in the first line epidemic prevention posts had significant work burnout sense. Conclusion The nurses had a certain degree of anxiety and work burnout sense from COVID-19 epidemic outbreak to the normalized prevention and control, which needs to give the psychological support and better prevention and control strategies. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] 目的 调查成都某三甲妇女儿童医院护士在新型冠状病毒感染(新冠)疫情常态化防控下心理反应状况及影响因素，为医院相关部门制定干预策略提供理论依据。方法 采用整群抽样方法选取2021年5-6月新冠疫情暴发流行后逐渐趋于常态化防控下成都市某三甲妇女儿童专科医院护士1 079名作为研究对象，使用自制一般资料问卷、广泛性焦虑量表、工作倦怠感量表对其进行问卷调查，采用 SPSS25.0 统计软件进行数据分析。结果 1 079名护士中广泛性焦虑量表评分大于或等于5分者304名(28.2%),与学历、工作年限、专业技术职务、疫情防控期间所在工作岗位、新冠疫情对工作影响的认知、社会家庭支持相关，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);工作倦怠感量表的情感倦怠感、工作冷漠感、工作无成就感的中、高水平者分别占40.7%(439/1 079)、33.3%(359/1 079)、65.7%(709/1 079),不同专业技术职务、疫情防控期间所在工作岗位、社会家庭支持对情感倦怠感水平有影响，不同专业技术职务、疫情防控期间所在工作岗位对工作冷漠感有影响，不同学历、专业技术职务、疫情防控期间所在工作岗位对工作无成就感有影响，差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),一线防疫岗位护士有明显的工作倦怠感。结论 新冠疫情暴发至常态化防控下护士存在一定程度的焦虑症状和工作倦怠感，需要给予心理支持及更好的防控策略 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health is the property of Journal of Modern Medicine & Health and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the efforts of applying mindfulness stress reduction therapy in alleviating stress reactions and burnout among head nurses in the context of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods This was a quasi experimental study. In June 2021, 109 head nurses with mild or above burnout measured by Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) from 12 hospitals in Zhangjiagang City were selected as the research objects to implement mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy for 8 weeks, and the scores of the Five Facet Mindfulness Question-naire (FFMQ), Stress Response Questionnaire (SRQ) and MBI of the head nurses were compared before and after the intervention. Results The five dimensions of observation, description, perceived action, non-judgment, and non-response and the total scores of the FFMQ were (26.28 ± 1.32), (26.94 ± 1.29), (25.49 ± 0.99), (25.45 ± 1.05), (23.48 ± 1.01), and (127.63 ± 3.78) of the post-intervention, which were higher than the pre-intervention scores of (25.04 ± 1.37), (25.04 ± 1.37), (25.37 ± 1.18), (24.15 ± 1.00), (24.09 ± 0.98), (22.26 ± 1.04), and (120.90 ± 4.06), with statistically significant differences (t values were -39.21- -15.36, all P＜0.01). The three dimensions of emotional, somatic, and behavioral responses and total scores of the post-intervention SRQ were (27.70 ± 6.12), (20.75 ± 4.20), (15.19 ± 3.11), and (65.99 ± 12.43), respectively, lower than the pre-intervention scores of (29.19 ± 6.91), (21.86 ± 5.20), (16.48 ± 4.16), and (70.12 ± 15.97), with statistically significant differences (t values were 5.70-9.33, all P＜0.01);the scores of dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization in post-intervention MBI were (26.24 ± 4.60) and (5.96 ± 1.25), lower than the pre-intervention scores of (29.66 ± 6.02) and (6.90 ± 1.59). The post-intervention scores of personal fulfillment (32.37 ± 5.02), higher than the pre-intervention scores of (28.60 ± 6.04), all with statistically significant differences (t=15.36, 13.50, - 9.65, all P＜0.01). Conclusions The implementation of mindfulness stress reduction therapy for the head nurses can relieve their work pressure due to the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic, reshape their healthy psychology, and reduce job burnout. © The Author(s) 2023.
ABSTRACT
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated cracks in the United States' healthcare systems-along with its deathcare systems. The pandemic as an ongoing mass fatality incident highlights the need to understand the public servants engaged in deathcare work, as they are a vital part of the emergency response equation. This exploratory, descriptive study focuses on the ways in which medical examiners and coroners (ME/Cs) in the United States provide core emergency management services to communities, relying on findings from interviews with 18 ME/Cs throughout the country. Findings indicate how COVID-19 cases are counted is difficult, the pandemic changed how ME/Cs operate in response, and burnout is eminent for these public servants.
ABSTRACT
Burnout encompassed a host of medical, psychological, emotional and performance-related issues that can always be affected by individual and coach factors in elite athletes;therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and burnout, mediated by perceived coaching style in the context of the Covid-19 epidemic. In this cross-sectional study, 258 elite athletes (M = 22.05 years, SD = 3.08;148 male) participated and completed scales of multidimensional perfectionism, athlete burnout and coaching style. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics by structural equation modeling .The results indicate that direct paths perfectionism to burnout, perfectionism to coaching style, coaching style to burnout, and indirect pathways to perfectionism to burnout were mediating by coaching style, significant. The results indicate that during the COVID 19 , athletes who are less able to organize performance standards and expectations of themselves and others, and who are more committed to meeting external demands, are at higher risk of burnout. One could develop coach-education programmes that challenge beliefs regarding the effectiveness of controlling coaching behaviors to reduce perfectionist tendencies and expectations in athletes. In doing so, one might curtail the risk of burnout in athlete during the COVID 19. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Background: The emergence of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), created unique constraints in everyday life. Emotional eating is a known phenomenon in disasters and is markedly associated with gastrointestinal symptoms. In this study, the aim was to assess the relationship of gastrointestinal symptom severity and COVID-19 burnout with emotional eating among young women during the pandemic disaster. Methods: A cross-sectional study approach was used to allow 462 young women participants in this study. The design of the questionnaires was based on demographics, health behaviors, Gastrointestinal Symptom Severity Scale, Emotional Eating Scale and COVID-19 Burnout Scale. Data were analyzed using percentages, mean values, independent t-test, chi-squared test. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed for predicting risk factors of emotional eating. Significance levels were set at the 5% level. Results: Of the women, 73.8% were emotional eaters. The level of COVID-19 burnout was moderate with mean score of 29.4+or-11.1 and emotional eating total score was 21.0+or-8.1. Increased number of meals, increased weight gain and shorter sleep time were significantly associated with emotional eating (p<0.05). Participants with more than three meals per day were more likely to be emotional eaters (Beta=4.26). The regression model showed that indigestion and COVID-19 burnout were strong risk factors of emotinal eating (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that indigestion and COVID-19 burnout were strong risk factors of emotinal eating. Emotional eating could pose an additional health burden to young women in the form of poor food choices.
ABSTRACT
Background: The overarching aim of the study was to (1) investigate how working with COVID-19 patients has impacted work environment, and (2) to identify how factors in the work environment impact adverse health outcomes among hospital personnel (HP), throughout the four waves of the pandemic. Material(s) and Method(s): In a web-based survey altogether 2472 HP participated from four large university hospitals in Norway, whereof N = 680 in April-June 2020 (T1), N = 1073 in December-January 2020/2021 (T2), N = 818 in April-May 2021 (T3), and N = 972 in December 2021-February 2022 (T4). At each time point participants reported on pandemic related work tasks, work environment and adverse health outcomes. Somatic symptoms, psychological distress, posttraumatic stress symptoms and burnout served as outcomes of multivariable linear regression models. The percentage of responders involved in ICU treatment of COVID-19 patients varied between 21% and 40% from T1-T4. Result(s): Reported stressors altered in strength during the 4 waves. Preliminary results indicate that exposure to patients with COVID-19 was associated with more frequent experience of work environmental factors. Compared to colleagues not working with patients with COVID-19 HP reported challenges related to professional competency and training, predictability in teams and work environment, manageable workload, adequate help and support for work stress management, user-friendliness of Personal Protection Equipment and infection protection safety. Furthermore, these environmental factors were associated with symptoms of psychological unhealth on at least one timepoint. Conclusion(s): The results may help guide organizational efforts to maintain professional competency and to reduce stress more efficiently among hospital personnel at different stages in response to long-term crises.
ABSTRACT
Work-related stress and burnout have become a popular topic for research studies over the course of many years. The COVID-19 pandemic has also highlighted the importance of monitoring stress and well-being for workers in a variety of fields. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between perceived stress, burnout, and job satisfaction among play therapists. We found a strong correlation between perceived stress and burnout among sample participants. We also found a strong negative relationship between these variables and job satisfaction. Based on our findings, we recommend several strategies that supervisors can implement when working with counselors-in-training in order to prevent stress and burnout for this specific therapist population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of workplace violence in public health administration agencies and its effects on health outcomes. Methods: A survey was conducted in March 2022. Staff who had been working for at least one year in the Ministry of Health and Welfare or its subordinate agencies, the Department of Health, or in public health centers were recruited. Data were collected anonymously with a structured, online questionnaire. A total of 492 valid questionnaires were collected. Results: A total of 48.17% participants reported having experienced workplace violence (physical, psychological, verbal, or sexual). The most common type of violence was verbal (43.50%), followed by psychological (31.71%). Supervisors were the primary perpetrators of verbal and psychological violence, followed by clients and colleagues. Staff reported long working hours and high levels of psychological and physical stress. Furthermore, 22.97% of workers reported poor self-rated health, 60.57% had personal burnout levels higher than 50, and 63.41% reported poor mental health. Regression analyses showed that low workplace justice was most strongly associated with internal verbal and psychological violence, whereas routine work requiring interaction with the public was most strongly associated with external verbal violence. Staff who had experienced workplace violence in the past year had significantly higher risks of poor self-rated health, mental health, and personal burnout, and poor health was more strongly associated with workplace violence that originated inside the organization than with workplace violence that originated from outside the organization. Conclusions: This survey was conducted on-line anonymously, so the representativeness of our findings might be limited. However, heavy workloads and workplace violence in public health administration agencies during the COVID-19 pandemic are important issues deserving urgent attention. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2023;42(1) :42-61)
ABSTRACT
This chapter covers three distinct themes that encompass the concept of burnout warning: inherent adversities in the modality shift, fear and ambiguity in higher education, and attempting to work in suboptimal conditions. While thriving represents a concept that denotes success and achievement, burnout represents exhaustion and fatigue. The behavior exhibited by staff and its correlation to burnout is best explained by the works of Maslach and Leiter using the areas of worklife (AW) model entailing organizational risk factors. The AW model explains how burnout is expedited when there is a disruption to balance in the following areas: workload, control, reward, community, fairness, and values. The findings indicate that staff members at the University of Utah displayed early signs of burnout warning. The factors that contribute to early signals of burnout include resource shortages, an increase in overall workload-including persistent emotional labor-and a lack of acknowledgement. The chapter illustrates how stressors, aggravated by COVID fatigue, fostered an environment that mobilized the onset of burnout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic brought about many changes in family routines and introduced new stressors for parents. While stressors can lead to parental burnout, coparenting support may mitigate the effects of parental stress on parental burnout. The current study explored the effects of parental stress, COVID-19 stress, and coparenting support on parental burnout during the second year of the pandemic. Participants consisted of one hundred fifty-five parents in the USA (M = 39.6, SD = 7.38;female = 94.8%). Results suggested parental stress was positively associated with parental burnout while coparenting support was negatively associated with parental burnout. These findings highlight the importance of addressing parental stress and support to minimize the risk of parental burnout. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Family Journal is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Aim: The specific aim of the study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nursing faculty experiences.Background: Academic nursing experiences were disrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. There is concern that the resulting stress threatens nursing faculty emotional well-being and reason to burnout.Method: A descriptive, quantitative study was conducted;exploring faculty academic and clinical roles during the COVID-19 pandemic by using structured, self designed, open-ended questionnaire to 401 institutionally attached nursing health professionals. The questionnaire includes various domains including Safety and Health, Challenges for teaching, clinical practise, supervision perception of institutional support provided;faculty burnout, satisfaction, and well-being.Results: Overall satisfaction with the working environment in the institutions with respect to total teaching experience showed a significant statistical. Participants perceived support from academic institutions and increased need to provide emotional support to students.Conclusion: Nursing faculty are essential to the profession. Nursing faculty require proactive and sustained institutional and personal support to provide exceptional ongoing education, build resilience, and support students.
ABSTRACT
Background and Objectives: The decline in GDP caused by the global economic recession of 2008 and that caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the poor economy of countries around the globe with increased rates of unemployment and adverse job conditions. This systematic review aims to identify the impact of a Financial crisis on Psychological well-being, Life satisfaction, Health Satisfaction, and Financial Incapability. Methodology: The literature included in the review was searched from Feb 1, 2023, to March 26, 2023, by using the PUBMED database as the search engine. Studies discussing the impact of the financial or economic crisis on psychological well-being, Health, Life satisfaction, and Financial Incapabilities published in the English Language were included in this review whereas systematic reviews and metanalysis, case reports, articles published in languages other than English and articles with limited access were excluded. Result(s): Of the 26 articles found eligible for the study, there were 22 Quantitative studies, 2 qualitative studies, and 2 Mixed Method Studies. Most of the articles included in this study discussed the Global Economic crisis caused by COVID-19 and the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. Almost 80% of the studies included in this review discussed psychological well-being and the prevalence of psychological disorders including Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Fear, Loneliness, Burnout, and Suicide whereas the rest of the articles discussed mortality regarding mental disorders. Conclusion(s): Financial crisis or economic recession results in an increased prevalence of common mental disorders affecting psychological well-being by increasing rates of unemployment and adverse job conditions. Policymakers with competitive financial behavior and knowledge are essential elements for psychological well-being and life satisfaction.Copyright © 2023 Lahore Medical And Dental College. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective Microsurgery remains an integral component of the surgical skillset and is essential for a diversity of reconstructive procedures. The apprenticeship also requires overcoming a steep learning curve, among many challenges. The method of microsurgical training differs depending on the countries' regions and resources of their health care system. Methods The Journal of Hand and Microsurgery leadership held an international webinar on June 19, 2021, consisting of a panel of residents from 10 countries and moderated by eminent panelists. This inaugural event aimed to share different experiences of microsurgery training on a global scale, identifying challenges to accessing and delivering training. Results Residents shared various structures and modes of microsurgical education worldwide. Areas of discussion also included microsurgical laboratory training, simulation training, knowledge sharing, burnout among trainees, and challenges for female residents in microsurgical training. Conclusion Microsurgical proficiency is attained through deliberate and continued practice, and there is a strong emphasis globally on training and guidance. However, much remains to be done to improve microsurgical training and start acting on the various challenges raised by residents.Copyright © 2022. Society of Indian Hand & Microsurgeons. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Compassion fatigue has also resulted in increased absenteeism, errors, and other disruptive behaviors and can have negative effects on patient care. Examples may include medication errors and failure to rescue patients with unrecognized declining health status. [...]in a separate study of college students who were randomly assigned to use one of three apps, for ten minutes per day for ten days, Headspace users had positive outcomes. Methods The Professional Quality of Life 5 (ProQOL5) and Mindfulness Attentive Awareness Scale (MAAS) surveys were used to collect pre-and post-intervention data through Survey Monkey online.
ABSTRACT
PurposeThe unimagined workplace disturbance caused by the Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, has made many organizations virtual or telework driven workplaces, often without the infrastructure and systems in place to support employees facing these sudden workplace changes (Burrell, 2020). Many stressors accompanied this transition, to include lack of childcare, home-school responsibilities and layoffs and business closings. These stressors have perpetuated concerns for the job and financial security for all workers (Fox, 2020), leading some employees to struggle with the work-life balance out of concern for being laid off due to perceived low productivity (Fox, 2020). This study aims to explore those manifestations.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative research case study explores the impact COVID-19 induced telework has on their job satisfaction, mental well-being and aspects of organizational commitment to fill a gap in the literature concerning emerging workplace dynamics due to COVID-19 for small real estate businesses in the USA.FindingsThe results of this qualitative research case study provide knowledge and information about the need for small businesses to be resourceful and resilient in the way that they support and engage remote workers. This qualitative research case study explores the impact COVID-19-induced telework has on their job satisfaction, mental well-being and aspects of organizational commitment for small real estate businesses. The analysis of current work-life structures through a qualitative lens provides trends among workers to gain a greater perspective of the current accelerators and barriers to worker success in a COVID-19 teleworking environment.Originality/valueThis qualitative research case study explores the impact COVID-19 induced telework has on their job satisfaction, mental well-being and aspects of organizational commitment to fill a gap in the literature concerning emerging workplace dynamics due to COVID-19 for small real estate businesses. The value of this research is that majority of the participants were African-Americans, which represents a participant group that is highly under researched.
ABSTRACT
PurposeThe study aims to investigate the impact of workplace ostracism (WO) and fear of the COVID-19 pandemic on the family life of restaurant employees. This research is based on the conservation of resources (COR) theory and work-family interface model to understand the theoretical underpinnings of mistreatment in the food sector during the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized a survey with a structured questionnaire to collect time-lagged data from 238 restaurant employees in the central region of Punjab province in Pakistan. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS tool with modern-day techniques like bootstrapping, process macro and SmartPLS.FindingsThe study reveals that perceived stress levels of the employees increase due to ostracism, leading to work-family conflict. Furthermore, the study found that employees who fear COVID-19 are less stressed by ostracism.Originality/valueThe study's significant contribution lies in demonstrating that the impact of ostracism in the workplace is quite different from what was expected. The results have shown that ostracism can reduce the perceived stress levels of employees, leading to a decrease in work-family conflict, especially in the presence of fear of COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked a public health crisis impacting every aspect of the world. Within education, this crisis caused leaders to navigate through unknown territory. Researchers were overwhelmed seeking to identify effective school leadership before the COVID-19 pandemic. The health crisis has unleashed a host of challenges for supporting leaders of all levels of public schools. Burnout could be a factor leading to high school principal turnover during the pandemic, but also leadership styles may affect high school principals' intention to leave their posts. While the value of transformational campus leadership is known, and there are current surveys to gather job burnout and turnover intention, there is a gap between connecting the three constructs. The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive relationship leadership style and job burnout have on turnover intention among Texas high school principals during the COVID-19 global pandemic. This study design was a quantitative survey non-experimental correlational approach. Surveys were distributed to principals through the Texas Association of School Administrators, and all responses were anonymous. The data analysis involved logistic regression for the independent variables of burnout and leadership style predicting the dichotomous turnover intention dependent variable. The overall model was not significant based on an alpha of .05, chi2(4) = 3.54, p = .471, suggesting that the leadership styles More Transformational than Norm, More Transactional than Norm, More Passive-Avoidant than Norm, and Job Burnout did not have a significant effect on the odds of observing the Desire to Stay category of Turnover Intention. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
A pedagogical intervention of university Service-Learning was carried out during the first wave of the health crisis by COVID-19, of the Community Psychology professional output of a Chilean university, in charge of expert community psychologists in the topics of burnout and caregiving, as well as in the Service-Learning methodology. Based on the requirements of three community partners, as well as theoretical and empirical inputs, the need to address mental health and burnout in online teaching, teleworking and virtual interpersonal encounters was recognized, and four infographics were created with the aim of promoting a critical view of burnout, and promoting comprehensive care in these spaces during periods of confinement. Six phases of the intervention process are described and a reflection is made on the possibility of carrying out Service Learning in crisis contexts and on its contribution to address them, on the understanding and approach to burnout and care in this experience, as well as on the importance of favoring the integral learning of students, highlighting contributions from community psychology. © 2023 Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has had its impact on research and researchers, and hence potentially on the future of academia. Yet, empirical evidence on the impact of COVID-19 on PhD candidates is limited. This study explores the influences of the pandemic on PhD candidates' progress and wellbeing. In addition, the aim is to identify potentially particularly vulnerable candidate groups. In total, 768 PhD candidates from a Finnish research-intensive multidisciplinary university participated in the mixed method study in spring 2021. The data were collected with the doctoral experience survey. In general, the PhD candidates estimated that the COVID-19 pandemic had hindered their progress and decreased their study wellbeing. The negative impact boiled down to the reduced access to data or participants, erosion of scholarly support networks, reduced access to the institutional resources, poor work-life balance and mental health problems. Results further implied that the international candidates, those studying at the university full-time, engaging in research teams, candidates from natural sciences and those at the mid-phase of their studies employed increased risk of suffering from negative COVID-19 pandemic influences. Results can be used in building well-fitted re-creative actions in supporting the PhD candidates to overcome challenges set by the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
ABSTRACT
Distress in online learning issues that have caused student stress, burnout and influenced student motivation achievement in the post-COVID-19 pandemic. The survey's primary purpose was to understand the effect of academic stress, burnout, and resilience on student achievement motivation. It consisted of 152 participants of Thai and international students who filled out the questionnaires. The data were analyzed utilizing SPSS (demographic data) and Smart PLS 3. The results denoted a direct and significant influence of academic stress on burnout and resilience on achievement motivation, a positive and insignificant impact of stress on resilience and burnout on achievement motivation, and a negative and non-significant influence of stress on achievement motivation and burnout on resilience. © 2023 IEEE.